Frequency Bands

 

I. Frequency band designations

1. ITU (International Radio Union) bands

0 (TLF)     < 3 Hz: noise

1 (ELF)     3-30 Hz: submarine

2 (SLF)     30-300 Hz: submarine

3 (ULF) 0.3-3 kHz: submarine, mine

4 (VLF) 3-30 kHz: submarine, timing, nav, heart rate, geophysics

5 (LF)        30-300 kHz: nav, timing, longwave broadcasting, RFID, amateur

6 (MF)      0.3-3 MHz: medium-wave broadcasting, amateur

7 (HF)       3-30 MHz: short-wave broadcasting, amateur, OTH, RFID, NVIS, mobile telephony

8 (VHF)    30-300 MHz: FM, TV, LOS air/ground, mobile com, amateur

9 (UHF)    0.3-3 GHz: TV, radio astronomy, mobile phone, WLAN, BT, ZigBee, GPS, amateur

10 (SHF)   3-30 GHz: satellite com/broadcast, radar, microwave link, WLAN, CATV, amateur

11 (EHF)   30-300 GHz: radio astronomy, microwave link, remoted sensing, amateur

12 (THF)   0.3-3 THz: imaging, remote sensing, science instruments, computing/comm

 

2. ECM bands (EU/NATO/US)

A     0 – 250 MHz

B     250-500 MHz

C    0.5-1 GHz

D    1-2 GHz

E     2-3 GHz

F     3-4 GHz

G     4-6 GHz

H    6-8 GHz

I      9-10 GHz

J     10-20 GHz

K    20-40 GHz

L     40-60 GHz

M 60-100 GHz

 

3. EU/NATO radio bands alternative

I      100-150 MHz

G    150-225 MHz

P     225-400 MHz

L     0.39-1.55 GHz

S     1.55-3.90 GHz

C    3.9-6.2 GHz

X    6.2-10.9 GHz

K    10.9-36.0 GHz

Ku  10.9-20 GHz

Ka  20-36 GHz

Q     36-46 GHz

V     46-56 GHz

W   56-100 GHz

 

4. IEEE radio bands

HF     3-30 MHz

VHF   30-300 MHz

UHF   0.3-3 GHz

L        1-2 GHz

S        2-4 GHz

C        4-8 GHz

X       8-12 GHz

Ku     12-18 GHz

K       18-27 GHz

Ka      27-40 GHz

V       40-75 GHz

W       75-110 GHz

mm    30-300 GHz

 

5. Waveguide frequency bands

설명: http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~jfkiang/electromagnetic%20wave/demonstrations/demo_17/index.37.gif

R    1.70-2.60 GHz

D    2.20-3.30 GHz

S     2.60-3.95 GHz

E     3.30-4.90 GHz

G 3.95-5.85 GHz

F     4.90-7.05 GHz

C    5.85-8.20 GHz

H    7.05-10.10 GHz

 X   8.2-12.4 GHz

Ku  12.4-18.0 GHz

K    15.0-26.5 GHz

Ka  26.5-40.0 GHz

Q     33-50 GHz

U    40-60 GHz

V    40-75 GHz

W   75-110 GHz

F     90-140 GHz

D    110-170 GHz

G 140-220 GHz

Y     325-500 GHz

 

II. ITU Regions

1. ITU (International Telecommunication Union)

- 국제전기통신연합

- 유엔 산하 기구. 전기통신 관련 국제협력 - ITU-R (무선통신): 1927년출범

- ITU-T (표준화): 1956년 출범 - ITU-D (개발): 1992년 출범

- ITU Telecom (행사): 1971년 출범. ITU Telecom World 2011 (40주년) - WRC (규정, 협약): World Radiocommunication Conferences

- 3-4년 주기로 개최. 주파수 사용, 정지/비정지 위성궤도 관련 국제 규약의 심의, 개정, 제정

 

2. ITU radio spectrum regions

 

III. Frequency per Applications

1. Broadcast frequencies

Longwave AM radio: 148.5-283.5 kHz

Medium-wave AM radio: 530-1710 kHz

Shortwave AM radio: 3-30 MHz

FM radio: 87.5-108.0 MHz (ITU Region I), 87.9-107.9 MHz (ITU Region II), 76.0-90.0 MHz (Japan)

TV: 54- 698 MHz (Americas, Caribbean, South Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines)

   54-88 MHz VHF Low-band (Band I), ch. 2-6

   174-216 MHz VHF High-band (Band III), ch. 7-13

 

Broadcast frequency bands:

   Band I       47-88 MHz

   Band II     87.5-108.0 MHz

   Band III    174-250 MHz

   Band IV    474-602 MHz (BBC)

   Band V     614-854 MHz (BBC)

   Band VI    11.7-12.7 GHz

 

2. GNSS frequencies

설명: https://ukamsat.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/gnss-credit-microwave-journal-5m34-f1x500.jpg

 

3. Aeronautical telemetry frequencies (WRC'07)

Ref: M. Rice, DTIC, AD578383

 

4. Short range devices (SRDs)

A) All

3.155-3.195 MHz: Hearing aids

6.765-6.795 MHz: ISM, non-specific

13.553-13.567 MHz: ISM, RFID, NFC

26.957-27.283 MHz: Citizen's band

40.669-40.700 MHz: ISM, non-specific

260-470 MHz: Canada

315-316 MHz: China

402-405 MHz: ISM, Active medical implants

433.050-434.790 MHz: ISM, LPD433

863-870 MHz SRD860

902-928 MHz: Canda

915-928 MHz: Australia

2.400-2.4835 GHz: Wi-Fi, amateur radio

5.725-5.875 GHz: ISM

5.795-5.805 GHz: Automatic toll collection

5.805-5.815 GHz: Automatic toll collection

61.0-61.5 GHz: ISM

76-77 GHz: Automotive long range radar (LRR)

122-123 GHz: ISM

244-246 GHz: ISM

 

B) Global license-free SRD frequencies in MHz

Europe: 433.05-434.79, 868.0-870.0, 863.0-870.0

U.S.: 260-470, 902-928

Canada: 260-470, 902-928

Japan: 426.0375-426.1125, 429.175-429.7375

China: 315.0-316.0, 430.0-432.0

Austalia: 433.05-434.79, 915-928

 

C) 대한민국 소출력 무선기기

- 코드없는 전화기:

   3mW = 46.510-46.970MHz/49.695-49.970MHz

   10mW = 914.01-914.9875MHz/959.0125-959.9875MHz

 

- 특정 소출력:

   10mW = 219.000-224.125MHz

   10mW = 424.700-424.950MHz

 

- 무선마이크:

   3mW: 74MHz 대역

   1mW: 106-107MHz 대역

   3mW: 220MHz 대역

   10mW: 740-750MHz 대역

   10mW: 928-929MHz 대역

 

- 무선조정용:

   10mW: 173MHz 대역, 산업용(중장비, 크레인)

   5mW: 173MHz 대역, 447MHz 대역, 자동문 제어, 자동차 시동

   5mW: 311MHz 대역, 자동차 시동

 

- 안전시스템:

   10mW: 447MHz 대역, 도난/화재 경보장치

 

- 영상전송용:

   10mW = 2.410-2.470GHz

 

- 시각 장애인 유도신호용:

   235MHz: 고정장치, 10mW

   358MHz: 휴대장치, 10mW

 

- ISM 대역

   13.560MHz: 교통카드, 모형기기 무선조정

   27.120MHz: 생활무선국, 모형기기 무선조정

   40.690MHz: 모형기기 무선조정

   915MHz: 국가 사용

   2.450GHz: 아마추어, 이동체 식별장치, 무선 LAN

   5.800GHz: 아마추어, 방송중계, 군레이더, 무선 LAN

   24.125GHz: 아마추어, 고주파 이용설비

 

- 국내 허가/신고 불필요 무선주파수별 허용 전기장

   322MHz 미만: 500μV/m 이하. 15MHz 이하에서는 6π/λ를 곱함.

   322MHz 이상 10GHz 미만: 35μV/m 이하

   10GHz 이상 150GHz 미만: 3.5f μV/m, f(GHz), 500μV/m 초과시 500μV/m로 한다.

   150GHz 이상: 500μV/m 이하

 

5. US Amateur Radio Frequency Allocation

송신출력 상한선: 1.5 kW PEP, 200 W PEP on HF bands

160-m 1.8-2.0 MHz

80-m     3.5-4.0 MHz

60-m     5.332-5.4035 MHz

40-m     7.025-7.300 MHz

30-m     10.10-10.15 MHz

20-m     14.025-14.350 MHz

17-m     18.068-18.168 MHz

15-m     21.025-21.450 MHz

12-m     24.890-24.990 MHz

10-m     28.0-29.7 MHz

6-m       50.0-54.0 MHz

2-m       144.0-148.0 MHz

1.25-m 222-225 MHz

70-cm   420-450 MHz

33-cm   902-928 MHz

23-cm   1270-1295 MHz

 

US Amateur Radio Frequency Allocation Higher Frequencies (GHz):

2.30-2.31

2.39-2.45

3.30-3.50

5.65-5.925

10.0-10.5

24.0-24.25

47.0-47.2

76.0-81.0 (76-77 GHz suspended due to vehicle radar interference)

122.25-123

134-141

241-250

All above 300

 

6. Radio Astronomy Frequencies (Europe)

1) MHz band

13.35-13.41

22.55-25.67

37.5-38.25

73-74.6

150.05-153

322-328.6

406.1-410

608-614

 

2) GHz band

1.4-1.427

1.66-1.6605

1.6605-1.6684

1.6684-1.670

1.7188-1.7222

2.655-2.690

2.69-2.70

3.260-3.267

3.332-3.339

3.3458-3.3525

4.80-4.99

4.99-5.00

5.00-5.03

6.6500-6.6752

10.60-10.68

14.47-14.50

15.20-15.35

15.35-15.40

22.01-22.21

22.21-22.50

22.71-22.86

23.07-23.12

23.6-24.0

31.2-31.3

31.3-31.5

36.43-36.50

42.5-43.5

48.94-49.04

51.40-54.25

58.2-59.0

72.77-72.91

86-92

92-94

95-100

 

7. Cellular Phone Frequencies

1) Pre-5G

 

Current / Planned Technologies

Previous Technologies

Band

UHF Frequency (MHz)

3G, 4G, MediaFLO (defunct), DVB-H

UHF TV 52-69 (698-806 MHz)*

700

698–806

SMR iDEN, ESMR CDMA (future), ESMR LTE (future)

UHF TV 70-83 (806-890 MHz)

800

806–824 and 851–869

GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), 3G

AMPS, IS-136 (D-AMPS)

850

824–849 and 869–894

Unknown

 

1400

1392–1395 and 1432–1435

GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), 3G, 4G

IS-136 (D-AMPS)

PCS

1850–1910 and 1930–1990

3G, 4G

 

AWS

1710–1755 and 2110–2155

4G

 

BRS/EBS

2496–2690

 

2) 5G

Qualcomm, "Global update on spectrum for 4G & 5G", Apr. 2020.

 

 

- Low bands: < 1 GHz

- Mid bands: 1-7  GHz

- High bands: > 24 GHz

- Licensed spectrum: exclusive use, over 40 bands globally for LTE

- Shared spectrum: 3.5 GHz USA, 3.7 GHz Germany

- Unlicensed spectrum: shared, 2.4 / 5.9-7.1 / 57-71 GHz global

 

 

 

8. Radar Frequencies

1) Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Special Pub. 00-40]

 

 

 

2) Radar Power [US DoC, NTIA Special Pub. 00-40]

 

9. Satellite Frequencies

1)  UHF-band

- Shuttle Orbiter UHF System: backup for the S-band and Ku-band systems. 243.0, 259.7, 296.8 MHz

 

2)  L-band (1–2 GHz)

- GPS: 1.164-1.300 GHz, 1.544-1.610 GHz

- Satellite mobile phone

  Iridium: 1.616-1.6265 MHz

  Immarsat: 1.525-1.6465 MHz

  Thuraya: 1.525-1.661 MHz

- WorldSpace satellite radio (DAB): 1.452-1.492 GHz

- MSS, BGAN, FleetBroadband, Global Handheld Satellite Phone: up 1.6264-1.6605 GHz, down 1.525-1.559 GHz

- COSPAS-SARSAT: search and rescue satellite radiolocation system

 

3)  S-band (2–4 GHz)

- Deep space bands: uplink 2.11-2.12 GHz, downlink 2.29-2.30 GHz

- Near earth bands: uplink 2.025-2.110 GHz, downlink 2.20-2.29 GHz - MSS (Mobile Satellite Service): 2.0-2.2 GHz

- Digital Audio Radio Service (DARS): 2.31-2.36 GHz

- Earth-to-space communication: 1.98-2.01 GHz

- Space-to-earth communication: 2.17-2.20 GHz

- Direct-to-Home satellite TV: 2.5-2.7 GHz

- Space Shuttle Orbiter S-band system (STDN, TDRS): 1.7-2.3GHz

- WIDESTAR II mobile satellite comm.: uplink 2.66-2.69 GHz, downlink 2.505-2.535 GHz

 

4) X-band (8-12 GHz)

- Space communication

  Deep space bands: up 7.145-7.190 GHz, down 8.40-8.45 GHz

  Near earth bands: up 7.190-7.235 GHz, down 8.45-8.50 GHz

- Military communication:

  COTM (communications-on-the-move) up 7.9-8.4 GHz, down 7.25-7.75 GHz

  NATO SATCOM Post-2000

- Civilian communication:

  Skynet

  Wideband Global SATCOM (WGS), XTAR-EUR

  Spainsat

  Sicral, Syracuse, DC-MS Series 2

 

5) Ku-band (12–18 GHz)

- Space communication

  Shuttle Orbiter Ku-band System: 15.25-17.25 GHz

- Civilan communication: up 14 GHz, down 10.70-12.75 GHz

 

6) Ka-band (26–40 GHz)

- Military: up 30.0-31.0 GHz, down 20.2-21.2 GHz

- Civilian: up 27.5-30.0 GHz, down 17.7-20.2 GHz

- VSAT: up 29.6-30.0 GHz, down 19.8-20.2 GHz